Obedience And Authority, By Stanley Milgram - 1156 Words

Psychologists take the effort to contrast the influences of people in regard to thinking, awareness, feelings, actions, attitudes, and behavior. Society tends to form responses from how one person’s actions ultimately causes various stereotypes and prejudices to be generated. Obedience to Authority by Stanley Milgram, discusses various subjects such as impression, stereotypes and prejudices, attribution, attitudes, social influence, attraction, obedience and authority, groups, and helping behavior. Milgram explains, â€Å"A person does not get to see the whole situation but only a small part of it, and is thus unable to act without some kind of over-all direction. He yields to authority but in doing so are alienated from his own actions.† (Milgram 11). In this passage, the author shows how in a workplace, people are given small and narrow jobs which is arguably taking away human qualities. Due to the fact that, workers cannot see the full overview of the job that is bei ng done and can only see the specific job that was designated, forces the workers to comply with authority, with the concept in mind that the workers are inferior. This works in many cases, if someone is told a small portion of a project is designated to them, instead of the full project; the worker will feel more inferior to the superior workers, which is an astute way to run an operation. Milgram also discusses, â€Å"Within the experimental setting, we find the three elements: position, status and action. PositionShow MoreRelatedEssay about Obedience to Authority by Stanley Milgram2387 Words   |  10 PagesStanley Milgram’s 1963 studies into obedience have provided important and shocking insights into the power of authority. The study set out to discover how obedient people really are. Debate and controversy have surrounded the study since the results were first published. Predictions made by psychologists before the experiment proved dramatically inaccurate. The experi ment led volunteers to believe they were administering increasingly painful and dangerous electric shocks to another volunteer forRead MoreAnalysis Of Stanley Milgram s Perils Of Obedience Essay1709 Words   |  7 PagesStill, many questions still remain prevalent as to how an individual reaches his or her decision on obedience in a distressing environment. Inspired by Nazi trials, Stanley Milgram, an American psychologist, questions the social norm in â€Å"Perils of Obedience† (1964), where he conducted a study to test how far the average American was willing to for under the pressures of an authority figure. Milgram s study showed that under the orders of an authoritative figure, 64% of average Americans had the capabilityRead MoreObedience Is, As Stanley Milgram Writes, â€Å"As Basic An Element1219 Words   |  5 PagesObedience is, as Stanley Milgram writes, â€Å"as basic an element in the structure of social life as one can point to† (Milgram 1). The act o f obedience holds positive connotations, but the sometimes negative effects of blind obedience are explored in Stanley Milgram’s â€Å"The Perils of Obedience† and Diana Baumrind’s â€Å"Review of Stanley Milgram’s Experiments on Obedience.† Though Milgram does analyze how the subjects of the experiment blame their actions on the experimenters, Baumrind argues the bad effectsRead MoreThe Causes Of Obedience From Research By Milgram ( 1974 ) And His Contemporaries1360 Words   |  6 Pagescauses of Obedience from research by Milgram (1974) and his Contemporaries. Stanley Milgram was a Psychologist at Yale. Obedience is an essential part in the format of humanity, and it’s destructiveness has been investigated throughout time. Stanley Milgram organized a research to test the destructiveness of obedience however, Milgram wanted to investigate why ordinary people are keen to obey an authority figure and commit evil deeds even when it goes against their beliefs. Milgram used socialRead MoreThe Perils of Obedience, by Stanley Milgram1499 Words   |  6 PagesIf a person of authority ordered you inflict a 15 to 400 volt electrical shock on another innocent human being, would you follow your direct orders? That is the question that Stanley Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University tested in the 1960’s. Most people would answer â€Å"no,† to imposing pain on innocent human beings but Milgram wanted to go further with his study. Writing and Reading across the Curriculum holds a shortened edition of Stanley Milgram’s â₠¬Å"The Perils of Obedience,† where he displaysRead MoreThe Milgram Experiment1142 Words   |  5 PagesThe Milgram Experiment Stanley Milgram, a famous social psychologist, and student of Solomon Asch, conducted a controversial experiment in 1961, investigating obedience to authority (1974). The experiment was held to see if a subject would do something an authority figure tells them, even if it conflicts with their personal beliefs and morals. He even once said, The social psychology of this century reveals a major lesson: often it is not so much the kind of person a man is as the kind of situationRead MoreThe Milgram Experiment Essay example1083 Words   |  5 PagesA researcher, Stanley Milgram, wondered how far individuals would go in following commands. In 1974 he set up a series of experiments. Describe the research methods used, together with the findings. In 1974 Stanley Milgram conducted the classic study of obedience to authority. The study looked into how far individuals would be willing to go, and were asked could they deliver increasingly devastating electric shocks to a fellow human being, as they were requested to do so by the professor inRead MoreThe Theory Of Psychology And Psychology Essay971 Words   |  4 Pagesdesign experiments to test specific hypotheses (the deductive approach), or to evaluate functional relationships (the inductive approach). One such experimental study is The Milgram experiment on obedience to authority figures. My paper will attempt to look at the ethics surrounding the Milgarm experiment, on the obedience to authority figures. And the reasons some psychologist misconstrued it has unethical. The experimenter (E) orders the teacher (T); the subject of the experiment, to give what theRead MoreStanley Milgram1172 Words   |  5 Pagesstructures of authority, hierarchy, and domination in every aspect of life, and to challenge them; unless a justification for them can be given, they are illegitimate, and should be dismantled, to increase the scope of human freedom.† There is a true feeling of what authority can do if placed in situations that require someone to follow instructions. What happens to someone when they follow the orders of another person in authority? An experiment conducted by psychologist Stanley Milgram reveal howRead MoreEssay on The Milgram Experiment1572 Words   |  7 PagesThe Milgram Experiment (Hart) Stanley Milgram’s experiment in the way people respond to obedience is one of the most important experiments ever administered. The goal of Milgram’s experiment was to find the desire of the participants to shock a learner in a controlled situation. When the volunteer would be ordered to shock the wrong answers of the victims, Milgram was truly judging and studying how people respond to authority. Milgram discovered something both troubling and awe inspiring about the

Factors Affecting Organizational Transparency Of...

Factors affecting organizational transparency of Microfinance institutions Empirical evidence from microfinance institutions in sub-Saharan Africa. 1. INTRODUCTION Microfinance institutions (MFIs) are established to serve the poor through providing financial services such as loans, savings, remittance services, insurance, trainings and technical assistances etc(Callaghan et al. 2007; Mersland, 2009). Unlike other firms, microfinance institutions are expected to meet two objectives, namely financial and social which are called double bottom line objectives (Gutie ´rrez-Nieto et al., 2007; Mersland, Randà ¸y and Strà ¸m, 2011; Morduch, 1999; Yaron, 1994). The idea of microfinance business was pioneered in 1970s by Prof. Yunus in Bangladesh, later on followed by countries such as Bolivia, Indonesia and others. The idea was to setup a financial inclusion system which can benefit the poor and to prove that the poor can be creditworthy and can run productive microenterprises if adequate and applicable system is designed (Callaghan et al. 2007). As a result, microfinance innovation spread to different countries in the world and strongly targeted as tool of poverty alleviation and development priority to empower the poor. The industry has registered a tremendous growth since its emancipation, now it is an industry of more than 10,000 microfinance institutions which mobilize around US$70 billion assets and serves about 150 million customers around the world (Augustine, 2012). DespiteShow MoreRelatedProduct Innovation Charter5919 Words   |  24 Pages(Malawi) where it held a 25.1% stake. In the same year Kingdom bank Africa Limited was licenced by Bank of Botswana while Kingdom Financial Holdings also implemented a Z$1.5billion rights offer required to fund the expansion strategy and launched microfinance operations through Microking. In 2005, the company implemented the second rights offer to raise Z$100 billion and a third one for Z$1,5 trillion the following year to support its expansion strategy. In 2006 Kingdom Financial Holdings increasedRead MoreThe Impact of Business Ethic on Organisational Performance14958 Words   |  60 PagesThe research data for this report was carried out using the following methods: †¢ Literature Review †¢ Questionnaire †¢ Interviews †¢ Observations †¢ Literature review Published material relating to Theories such as Stakeholder, Transparency and Accountability, Stewardship, Expectancy, Virtue ethics, Deontological ethics, Teleological ethics as well as Ethical learning and growth were reviewed. In addition, a number of published and electronic article on how business ethics have affectedRead MoreAn Assessment of the Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Nigerian Society: the Examples of Banking and Communication Industries18990 Words   |  76 Pagesthe objective of being responsible for what the society is interested in. Explicit CSR can for example be voluntary, self-interest driven corporate social responsibilities policies and strategies. Implicit CSR is a country’s formal and informal institutions that give organizations an agreed share of responsibility for society’s interests and concerns. Implicit CSR are values, norms and rules which result in requirements for corporations to address areas that stakeholders consider important. BusinessRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagestests, and certification criteria. The program delivered results: since early 2005, fifteen operators have been certified and daily production has increased by25percent . Facilitating change highlighted my strong communication skills and grasp of organizational theory. Leading through the ensuing adversity required vision and confidence. At times however, my lack of management experience caused problems. Accurately setting ex... pectations was difficult initially, and learning was a process of trial

The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act Free Essays

Section 1 of the 14th Amendment of the U. S. Constitution affords due process to every individual within its jurisdiction. We will write a custom essay sample on The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act or any similar topic only for you Order Now This goes to show that whoever is in the U. S. territory, whether they are here legally or illegally, are afforded due process of law. The Illegal Immigration reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIR) made way for transformations in the system of the US Immigration laws generally pertaining to the improvements and control of entry into the US, intensified enforcement and penalties of laws with regards to aliens in the region, restrictions against their employment and benefits, and other miscellaneous provisions. The immigration laws of today can be enforced by the local and state police. They have the general power to investigate and arrest violators of federal immigration statutes. In this manner, the people can directly contact the police in case they suspect any illegal alien in their vicinity and the local police can check into it. In fact, after the September 11 bombings, there was a speedy detention of aliens suspected of terrorist activities or ties. (Malkin, 2002) One agency that enforces immigration laws is the Department of Homeland Security. Among the major policy changes since 9/11 is that local and state law enforcement agencies, along with their federal counterparts, are being required to use strict criteria in seeking out and detaining illegal immigrants (Pluvoise-Fenton, 2003). Alien Absconder Apprehension Initiative involved entering the names of fugitive alien absconders into the FBI’s National Crime Information Center database. It focused on absconders from a list of countries designated as terrorist supporting states. These individuals became the subject of a nationwide effort to apprehend them. The aim was for the immigration laws in the country to be better enforced as it were before. (Ziglar, 2004) It is therefore a program designed to bag those people that were released from custody and were initially apprehended for illegally entry. However, instead of being sent back to their home country, they were released with a date to show up in court. Having no legal status whatsoever, these people simply did not show up, leaving the government to put up efforts on finding them. The S visa is given to aliens who aid the US law enforcement in the investigation, arrest, and prosecution of criminals involved in illegal or terrorist activities. This was pursuant to The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 which paved way for the creation of the â€Å"S† category in visas. If the immigrant gives certain information that is material to the success of the investigation, they then become qualified to adjust the status of their immigration. Reference Malkin, Michelle, (September 2002). The Deportation Abyss â€Å"It Ain’t Over ‘Til the Alien Wins†. Center for Immigration Studies. Statement of James W. Ziglar to the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon The United States (January 26, 2004). How to cite The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, Essays

Juvenile delinquency free essay sample

Do we still have hope? Our future is in the hands of the young children who are growing up to be delinquents. Delinquency is when a juvenile has engaged in a criminal act and this problem has become a social norm for youth in the United States. Undisciplined children are those beyond parental control. Some of these children feel untouchable because their parents have no type of control over them. These are the type of children who are more likely to engage in criminal activities. Other children who would most likely fall into delinquency are dependent children, neglected children and abused children. It is important to keep in mind that children are very vulnerable in every stage of their childhood; there is no such thing as a mature child. Every child needs the love and nurture from a parent because Parents play a big role in a child’s life; they are the key to success for a child’s future. We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile delinquency or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Unfortunately, not every child has both parents to care and provide for them. Are drugs responsible for youth gangs and violent crimes in the United States? Drug abuse is the most common offense amongst juveniles in US society, because of the high rates of drug trafficking in urban cities (Decker, 1999). Are there any other causes besides drugs that contribute to juvenile delinquency? There are many underlying causes that can contribute to youth delinquency. For Example, Loose laws regarding guns, drugs and violence can lead to delinquency. In my research I will compare juvenile delinquency in the city of Lawrence which has a high crime rate with two other areas like Lowell, has similar environmental features to Lawrence. The second area is Methuen, which is a more suburban district but urban at the same time and has different characteristics to Lawrence. Local authorities and kid clubs should invest more time in properly educating the children on dealing with peer pressure, drug and substance abuse, and with how to deal with their surroundings. The state should also get involved and enact a two strikes rule in which any child 18 and under, who becomes involved in criminal activities and is arrested more than once, will immediately become custody of the state. Once the child is in custody of the state they will be sent through a behavioral correctional program and other strict programs such as boot camps in order to reform the child. In the end, parents and society need to change their attitudes about youth violence. For young  children to survive in this new world parents and other adults need to understand children’s needs and emotional background in order to help them grow up to be virtuous and good people. Juvenile delinquency has become a trend amongst the youth; there are several factors that contribute to this behavior that has become an epidemic. Some examples include failure to individuality, lack of supervision and guidance from parents, drugs and alcohol consumption. Juveniles often times are influenced by friends and peers, according to Sharpe in her research (2003). The number of friends determines the involvement of a juvenile in delinquency. Studies have shown that family has a great impact in a childs life, family influences a Childs attitudes, socialization and decision- making. It is hypothesized that adolescents who lack family guidance will participate in criminal activities. The juvenile will try to seek in the streets and in groups what he or she cant find at home. According to Ellen Grinney, 60% and 80% of children that run away from their homes in the United States are due to abuse (p.58).Children need love and order, someone who can discipline them and also care for them. A person who is going to tuck them in their beds every night, a person who helps them with their home work, a person who washes their wounds and a person who says I love you every now and then. Children need attention and understanding from both parents. Most teenagers who have antisocial behavior are usually frustrated because they couldn’t fulfill their parent’s expectations Ellen Grinney, (63). Parents have great influence with their kids since children imitate their parents at a young age. Culture and the environment are also crucial in a child’s behavior. A child reared in a wealthy environment taking piano lessons and having his or her mother at home helping him or her with their homework has a greater chance of becoming someone in life and a virtuous person with many talents and attributes. Compared to a child being raised in the projects having to go home and watch television, kids do learn a lot from televised programs but not important things that would help them in school. Like another example the child who comes home from school and instead of doing his or her homework goes out to play with the neighbors or comes home to a drunken parent. three examples are examples of different environments and child rearing. Drugs are a major factor in a child’s  development. Drugs weren’t as usual thirty years ago as it is now. (Decker, 1999) Drugs are all over the nation you can find any kind of drug in every city and in all the ghettos of the United States. It is scary how common drugs are they are obtainable to kids of any age. It is becoming so common that in some states of the U.S an ounce of marijuana is legal to carry if it is for medical usage but how are they going to prove that the person who carries is not using it for medical reasons. This is a big controversy because I wouldn’t want my kids to grow up in this society with these types of social norms. I feel that this is saying that it is OK for people to use marijuana. Technology is so advanced in this time that there is no need for a drug to be legalized for medical usage there are many different methods that can be used for whatever marijuana is being used for. In a research article by Sharpe (2004) children between the age group of 10-15 were being, investigated, one specifi c question was addressed for guiding the study would the age group 10-15 who were first time offenders reoffend in the future? The focus of the investigation was the ages, time of the offense, gender and race. juveniles who had previous history with the law have been proven to be strong prediction of future re offending. Juveniles who dont have a history with the law enforcement are less likely to commit a crime. The results in this study supported the hypothesis. 13.7 years was the average age of the juveniles at the time of the first offense, the majority of the juveniles were males and 58% were Caucasian. (Sharpe 2004) Next, the topic of gangs in relation to juvenile delinquency is addressed to poor education. In Sharpes research she states that juvenile delinquency has an association with gangs. A child who is lacking love and support from the family will find it in a gang; The gang then becomes the surrogate family. The focus of the study was to investigate the exposure of multiple risk factors within the juveniles environment. The National Gang Crime Research Center conducted a 100- item questionnaire in which the questions focused on all aspects of gang life. The results indicated that environment and risk factors differed according to the individuals age. (Sharpe) METHODOLOGY The research design being utilized is idiographic where it will seek to find a direct relationship between juvenile delinquency and a number of factors. These factors include a family’s nucleus, socio-economic class, peer pressure and (a) parent’s direct involvement on the child’s life. The population of the study will include various rehabilitation youth center from geographically adjacent towns that are similar in their composition but differ somewhat in their social-economic stratum. By utilizing this population, we will eliminate the hesitation that a juvenile that has not gone through such a program may have in answering these questions. Using these locations will allow us to maintain some variables unchanged while  observing other variables fluctuate and coming to conclusions as to what can be considered a dependent variable; in essence determining if a change in one variable the cause for a result or is it just mere coincidence. The instrument for data collection is a questionnaire made up of ten questions. The surveys intent is to collect data that is quantifiable and would eliminate subjectivity on the answers. Most questions will inquire to obtain data that will be attributed to the person’s variables. Some of the variables are straight forward and are limited to one or two choices; sex, race and age. Variables also include the composition of the child’s immediate family or caretaker, single parent or not, parent(s) educational level and the parent(s) income. These variables are easily measured and their answers will be non-subjective and their objective is to determine how much of a factor is a parent’s involvement in a juvenile’s life is a deterrent for criminal activity. Other variables, such as the family’s drug abuse history, are not as easily quantifiable and may have an innate bias but these variables used to try to clarify if a history of use/abuse by close family members to the juvenile creates a cycle where the juvenile will result to gangs and drug abuse. Lastly, the questionnaire will address the pressure exerted by his/her peers and how likely, if at all, this would be consider to be a determinant factor for a juvenile to commit a crime. The sampling pool should consist of an equal number of participants from each location. Age range and sex of the participant should be consistent within the sampling group and throughout the population. Participants will be given the same questionnaire and their answers will be recorded. Data will be analyzed through quantitative analysis, mean, percentages etc. Strong dependent relationships between variables will be measured according to the percentage that one variable will cause the other. For in stance, if variable X occurs than there is a 45% chance of variable Y. On the conclusion section of this research we would compare the findings based on the data collected versus what was expected. Since obtaining data that is easily measured was one of my main criteria while designing the survey, it should be easy to obtain non- bias information and to come to conclusions as to what hypothesis would be correct, what variables matter and which ones are not as much of a factor. Societal impact of the findings  should be discussed as well. Juvenile Delinquency free essay sample We hear a child stealing an apple from the market stands, and then rob a small shop, next day we learn about a 17-year-old kid who killed his classmates. People are concerned and rightly so. Thats all what we do or maybe give them a harsh punishment. It seems that the problem has only focused on punishment and very little on prevention or intervention. There is no single cause of violence but we can certainly list a lot of risk factors, which increase the development of criminal behaviour. These include child abuse and family disintegration, violating behavior, academic failure, school dropout, and lack of contact with the society, fighting with peers and antisocial behavior early in life. Juvenile crime rates have nearly doubled in many countries. In the news we keep hearing about youngsters got mixed up in shady affairs and committing petty crimes. What actually is a juvenile crime? Juvenile crime is a term denoting various offences committed by children or youths under the age of 18. We will write a custom essay sample on Juvenile Delinquency or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Such acts are sometimes referred to as juvenile delinquency. Childrens offences typically include delinquent acts, which would be considered crimes if committed by adults, and status offences, which are less serious misbehavior problems such as truancy and parental disobedience. Both are within the jurisdiction of the youth court; more serious offences committed by minors may be tried in criminal court and be subject to prison sentences. In order to reveal the real background of juvenile crime its obviously not enough to stop at this point. Probably none of the young delinquents were born with hostility, rage and hatred. Their environment and our society have turned them into who they are today. Juveniles have to face the cruel sides of the world too early and they are not well prepared for it yet. Some of them are able to deal with it, some of them are not. The latter shocked by the realization will escape to the world of crimes so trying to hide themselves from all the dissatisfaction. Young people should not be expected to have the same values and judgment as adults, therefore not the same treatment either. This is especially true if they have been the victims of poverty, neglect, and abuse. The good approach of the problem can help a lot. Young lives can be salvaged but not with incarceration. It has never been a good solution. Nevertheless developing more programs’ to prevent these children entering the juvenile justice system would be far more effective and less costly.